1Therefore, having been justified [on a particular occasion] out of belief,a [we] havesome manuscripts: let us have peace before God through our lord Jesus Christ, 2through whom also [we] have had the solemn approachlit. the act of bringing / raising something up (as if to eat)b {by belief}some manuscripts omit unto this grace in which [we] have stood, and [we] boasthere and in verse 3, the same construction could mean let us boast upon hope of the glory of God. 3And not only [this], but also [we] boast in the afflictions,lit. pressures knowingBy this point in history, this verb in this construction always means “to know”; but etymologically, it comes from the perfect tense of “to see”; thus, here it means, having seen that affliction works athere and throughout, (achieves by labor) endurance,lit. the remaining-behindc 4and endurance [works at] character,lit. proof and character [works at] hope. 5And hope does not dishonor,d because the loveἀγάπη, agape of God has been poured out in our hearts through a holy spirit, the [one] having been given [on a particular occasion] to us. 6For furthermore, Christ, with us still beinggenitive absolute weak,(sickly)other manuscripts:
– for furthermore, Christ, with us being weak,
– furthermore, Christ, with us being weak,
– if at least Christ, with us still being weak,
– unto some [end], Christ, with us still being weak,
– unto some [end], Christ, with us being weak,
– Christ, with us being weak, died according to due measure(at [the] exact time) on behalf ofhere and throughout, lit. over [the] ungodly. 7For someone will die on behalf of a just [man]; for, on behalf of the good [man], someone also dares to die; 8but on the other hand, God combines his own loveἀγάπη, agape into us, that with us still being erroneous,here and throughout, (sinners) Christ died on our behalf.e 9Therefore, having been very much justified [on a particular occasion] now in his blood, [we] shall be saved through him from [his] wrath.lit. impulsef 10For if, being hateful,(hated) [we] were changedhere and through the end of the paragraph, (reconciled) [on a particular occasion] by God through the death of his son, then, having been changed very much, [we] will be saved in his life;g 11and not only [this], but also [we are] boasting in God through our lord Jesus Christ, through whom now [we] seized [on a particular occasion] the change.(reconciliation)
12On account of this, just as through one man, failure came into the cosmosh [on a particular occasion], and through failure, deathi [came into the cosmos], and thus into all menhere and through the end of the chapter, (persons) death came through,(passed through, reached) upon which [point/time] all [men] died; 13for until [the] law, failure was in [the] cosmos, but [on the other hand] failure is not put in the account with [the] law not being,(without [the] law)j 14but death ruled from Adam as far as Moses evenlit. and upon the [ones] not erring inlit. upon the transgression of Adam, who is a cast(model / type); lit. beating of the [one] being destined.k
15But (the favor is not like the blunder);lit. not as the blunder, thus also [is] the favor for if to the blunder of one [man], the many died, much morelit. very much the grace of God and the gift in grace, [that is, in] the [grace] of the one man Jesus Christ, abounded unto the many. 16And [it did] not [abound] as the gift through the one [man] having failed [on a particular occasion]; for on the one hand, the judgment fromlit. out of one [blunder] [leads] unto condemnation, but on the other hand, the gift from many blunders [leads] unto justification.lit. a just [act] 17For if, by the blunder of the one [man], death ruled through the one [man], much morelit. very much the [ones] seizing in [this] life the abundance of the grace and [the abundance] of the gift of justice will rule through the one Jesus Christ. 18Then therefore as through one blunder into all men [it has come] unto condemnation, thus also through one just [act] into all men [it has come] unto justification of life;l 19for just as through the disobediencelit. misunderstanding of the one man, the many becamehere and in the next clause, lit. were put/set down [as] erroneous, thus also through the obedience of the one [man], the many will become just.m 20But [the] law came in alongside, in order that the blunder might be more than enough;(superfluous)n but where the error was more than enough, grace over-abounded,(abounded even more) 21in order that, just as the error ruled in death, thus also grace may rule through justice unto eternal life through Jesus Christ our lord.o
Cross-references:
a having been justified…out of belief: cf. Romans 3:24, 28
b through whom also…the solemn approach: cf. Ephesians 2:18; 3:12
c verse 3: cf. James 1:2-3; I Peter 1:5-7
d And hope does not dishonor: cf. Psalm 22:5; 25:20; Hebrews 6:18-19
e verse 8: cf. John 3:16; I John 4:10
f [we] shall be…from [his] wrath: cf. Romans 1:18; 2:5, 8
g verse 10: cf. Romans 8:7-8
h through one man…into the cosmos: cf. Genesis 2:17; 3:6, 19
i through failure, death: cf. Romans 6:23
j but [on the…law not being: cf. Romans 4:15
k who is a…[one] being destined: cf. I Corinthians 15:21-22, 45
l verse 18: cf. I Corinthians 15:22
m thus also through…will become just: cf. Isaiah 53:11
n But [the] law…more than enough: cf. Romans 4:15; 7:8; Galatians 3:19
o verse 21: cf. Romans 6:23